Features of dystrophic knee joint changes in women of different ages according to bone mineral density and X-ray signs of osteopenia and osteoporosis

Objective. To study the features of X-ray manifestations of knee joint arthrosis in women of different ages, depending on bone mineral density and severity of X-ray morphometric signs of osteopenia and osteoporosis of the spinal.

Materials and methods. The study involved 82 women aged 50 to 77 years, divided into three unequal age groups (50–59, 60–69, 70 years and older); to assess the X-ray morphometric signs of osteopenia and osteoporosis, standard radiographs of the thoracic and lumbosacral spine in two projections were used; manifestations of gonarthrosis were assessed by the results of radiography of the knee joints in a direct projection — the index of the knee joint was calculated, and a semi-quantitative assessment of characteristic x-ray changes was made; Quantitative X-ray computed tomography on a Somatom CT (Siemens) of 2, 3, and 4 lumbar vertebrae was used as an absorptiometry technique.

Results. As expected, a decrease in the index of the knee joint index with increasing age was observed. In the oldest age group (over 70 years), with minimal bone mineral density and the most pronounced X-ray manifestations of osteopenia and osteoporosis of the spinal column, there was no significant increase in the prevalence of manifestations of arthrosis of the knee joints in the form of subchondral osteosclerosis and bone growths along the edges of the articular surfaces.

Conclusions. The results of this study establish the relationship between bone mineral density and X-ray manifestations of arthrosis of the knee joints in the form of subchondral osteosclerosis and marginal bone growth.

1. Гладкова Е.В., Федонников А.С., Царева Е.Е., Моисеев Е.П., Карякина Е.В., Персова Е.А., Бабушкина И.В., Мамонова И.А., Пучиньян Д.М. Система лабораторно-инструментальной оценки состояния метаболизма костной ткани. Фундаментальные исследования. 2015;(1):925–928. [Gladkova EV, Fedonnikov AS, Tsareva EE, Moiseev EP, Karyakina EV, Persova EA, Babushkina IV, Mamonova IA, Puchinian DM. The system of laboratory and instrumental estimation of bone tissue metabolism. Fundamental research. 2015;(1):925-928. (In Russ.)].

2. Камилов Ф.Х., Фаршатова Е.Р., Еникеева Д.А. Клеточно-молекулярные механизмы ремоделирования костной ткани и ее регуляция. Фундаментальные исследования. 2014;(7):836–842. [Kamilov FKh, Farshatova ER, Enikeeva DA. Fundamental research. 2014;(7):836-842. (In Russ.)].

3. Маличенко СБ, Мащенко ЕА, Шахнис ЕР, Шибилова МУ, Маличенко ВС. Оценка состояния ремоделирования костной ткани и минерального обмена у пациенток пожилого возраста, ранее не обследовавшихся и не получавших антиостеопоротической терапии. Современная ревматология. 2012;6(1):32-38. [Malichenko SB, Mashchenko EA, Shakhnis ER, Shibilova MU, Malichenko VS. Evaluation of bone tissue remodeling and mineral metabolism in elderly patients who have not been previously examined and have received no antiosteoporotic therapy. Sovremennaya Revmatologiya=Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2012;6(1):32-38. (In Russ.)] https://doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2012-713.

4. Белосельский Н.Н., Смирнов А.В. Рентгенологическая диагностика остеопенического синдрома. М.: ИМА-пресс, 2010. - 120 с.7. [Beloselsky NN, Smirnov AV. X-ray diagnosis of osteopenic syndrome. M.: IMA-press, 2010. - 120 .7. (In Russ.).].

5. Белосельский Н.Н. Рентгенодиагностическое и рентгеноморфометрическое исследование позвоночного столба при остеопорозе. В кн. Руководство по остеопорозу под ред. Беневоленской Л. И., М:, БИНОМ, Лаборатория знаний - 2003. С. 152-156. [Beloselsky N. N. X-ray diagnostic and X-ray morphometric study of the spinal column in osteoporosis. In book. Guide to osteoporosis, ed. Benevolenskoy L.I., M:, BINOM, Knowledge Laboratory - 2003. 152-156. (In Russ.).].

6. Кирпикова М.Н., Свинина С.А., Назарова О.А. Клинико-рентгенологические особенности постменопаузального остеопороза на фоне дегенеративно-дистрофических изменений позвоночника. Остеопороз и остеопатии. 2010;13(3):19- 23. [Kirpikova MN, Svinina SA, Nazarova OA. Clinical and radiological features of postmenopausal osteoporosis against the background of degenerative-dystrophic changes in the spine. Osteoporosis and osteopathy. 2010;13(3):19-23. (In Russ.).] https://doi.org/10.14341/osteo2010319-23.