Stress response during exercise, gut-brain axis, and gut microbiota in athletes: a review of the literature
https://doi.org/10.37489/2949-1924-0012
Abstract
Fatigue, mood disturbances, lack of performance, and gastrointestinal disturbances are common among athletes during training and competition. Psychosocial and physical demands during intense exercise can initiate a stress response that activates the sympathoadrenal and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes, resulting in the release of stress and catabolic hormones, inflammatory cytokines, and microbial molecules. The gut is home to trillions of microorganisms that play fundamental roles in many aspects of human biology, including metabolism, neuroendocrine, and immune function. The microbiome and its influence on host behavior, the gut barrier, and immunity is a critical aspect of the gut-brain axis. Data have been obtained showing a high correlation between physical and emotional stress during exercise and changes in the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota. Modifications to the composition of the microbiota in professional athletes can improve training efficiency, improve athletic performance and shorten the recovery period after intense physical exertion.
Supporting agencies: The work was carried out without sponsorship.
About the Authors
V. A. Margazin
Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushinsky
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Margazin Vladimir A. — M. D., D. Sc. (Medicine), Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Professor of the department. RSCI Author ID: 702664.
Yaroslavl
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
M. A. Gansburgskiy
Yaroslavl State Medical University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Gansburgskiy Mikhail A. — M. D., Ph. D. (Medicine), Associate Professor of the department of Physical Education and Sports. RSCI Author ID: 294904
Yaroslavl
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
A. V. Koromyslov
Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushinsky
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Koromyslov Alexander V. — M. D., Ph. D. (Medicine), associate Professor of the Department of Medical and Biological Sport Fundamentals. RSCI Author ID: 929133.
Yaroslavl
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
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Review
For citations:
Margazin V.A., Gansburgskiy M.A., Koromyslov A.V. Stress response during exercise, gut-brain axis, and gut microbiota in athletes: a review of the literature. Patient-Oriented Medicine and Pharmacy. 2023;1(2):36-44. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.37489/2949-1924-0012
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